Fabaceae

Fabaceae

Medicago sativa L.
subsp. sativa

Medicago L.
Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa L.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9
Habitat: bozkır, kayalık ve çimenlik yamaçlar, sık meşe çalılığı, çayırlık, kumullar, tarlalar
Minimum yükseklik: 0
Maksimum yükseklik: 2500
Endemik: -
Element: ?
Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye
Genel dağılımı: Avrupa'dan O. Asya'ya, K. Afrika
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler : A1 A3 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 B1 B2 B3 B4 B7 B8 B9 C3 C4 C5 C6 C10

M. sativa L., Sp. PL 778 (1753).
Perennial herb, stems procumbent, ascending or erect, 15-70 cm, adpressed-pilose or subglabrous. Stipules entire or incised in lower part. Leaflets 4-18 x 2-10 mm, adpressed-pubescent, those of lower leaves obovate, those of upper leaves longer, cuneate-oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, serrate above, with the terminal tooth usually longer than the lateral teeth. Peduncle much longer than petiole, raceme l-3(-4) x as long as broad, 8-30-flowered. Flowers 6-12 mm, dusky violet or pale lavender (very rarely white). Calyx teeth subulate, 1-2 x as long as conical green tube. Fruit in an open spiral of 2-4 loose coils, 5-9 mm diam., reticulate-nerved, adpressed-pilose or rarely glabrous. Seeds 10-20, 1-2.5 mm long, yellow or brown. 2n — 16, 32.
1. Fruits 5-9 mm diam.; seeds 2.2-2.5 mm; flowers 6-12 mm subsp. sativa
1. Fruits 2.5-3.5(-5) mm diam.; seeds 1.6-2.1 mm; flowers 5-6 mm subsp. coerulea
subsp. sativa. 2n=32; 16? Figure 13, p. 493. Syn: M. sativa L. var. parviflora Grossh., Obs. Kr.-Kavk. Medicago 28 (1919); M. sativa var. grandiflora Grossh., op. cit. 28 (1919); M. caucasica Vass. in Trudy Bot. Inst. AN SSSR 1(8): 49 (1944); M. grandiflora (Grossh.) Vass., Sb. nautchn. rab. 1941-43:101 (1946). Ic: Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. PL 7: t. 12 (1954); Fl. Armenii 4: t. 10 (1962). Fl. 4-9. Steppe, rocky and grassy slopes, thickets, meadows, sand dimes, fields {cultivated and fallow), roadsides, s.1.-2500 m.
Described from Spain and France (Hb. Cliff.! Hb. Linn. 933/6!).
Widespread. A1(E) Çanakkale: Kilia, Ingoldby 233. A3 Bolu: Abant G., 1400 m, 12 vii 1940, B. Post! A5 Sinop: Sinop, 1-3 m, D. 38139! A6 Samsun: beach nr. Kirazlik, 5 m, Tobey 374! A7 Trabzon: Kalanema De., above Chashka, 300 m, Haml.-Mazz. A8 Çoruh: Borçka to Hopa, 450 m, D. 29868! A9 Kars: 8 km from Kars to Susuz, 1800 m, D. 30580! Bl Manisa: nr. Manisa, B. U. Sitkikivcak 887 (Hb. Sylv. Turc.)! B2 Kütahya: 2 miles from Abide to Simav, 700 m, Coode & Jones 2609! B3 Isparta: Barla Da., 2000 m, Khan et al. 402! B4 Ankara: Ankara, Uresin 65! B7 Erzincan: Keşiş Da., above Cimin, 2300 m, D. 31830! B8 Erzurum: Muş to Erzurum, 1300-1500 m, 5 vii 1963, M. Zohary! B9 Van: Timar, 2 km from (Canik) to Van, 1800 m, D. 44222! C3 Antalya: nr. Çalbali Da., D._15267! C4 Konya: Karaman, 1430 m, 29 vi 1963, M. Zohary! C5 Niğde: Ala Da., Emli gorge, 2000-2500 m, Parry 207! C6 Hatay: Kirikhan, D. 27316! C10 Hakkari: 16 km from Bacirge to Yüksekova, 2000 m, D. 45176! Is: Rodhos, Peveragno, Rech. 8556.
Europe to C. Asia, N. Africa, etc. Wild, cultivated and adventive in Turkey and Caucasia. A very variable taxon, widely grown as a fodder crop (alfalfa, 2n = 32).